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they provided elaborate models for understanding the secret divine plan guiding human affairs. Hartley Lachter analyzes innovative kabbalistic doctrines， through which Jewish mystics sought to demonstrate that the misfortunes of Jewish history were in fact necessary steps toward redemption. Lachter argues that these works， such as the idea of reincarnation and the notion of multiple successive universes，imToken下载， offering rare insight into the kabbalists as agents of history. Lachter shines as a scholar of medieval texts， and the many understudied works he includes make for a significant contribution to the field." —Ellen Haskell。

Lachter articulates how premodern mystical texts can be crucial sources of insight into how Jews understood the meaning of history. About the author Hartley Lachter is Philip and Muriel Berman Chair in Jewish Studies and Associate Professor of Religion Studies at Lehigh University. He is the author of Kabbalistic Revolution: Reimagining Judaism in Medieval Spain (2014). "It is a pleasure to read such an erudite work that is written in such an accessible manner. Lachter distills a great deal of information from notoriously complex texts to illuminate the kabbalistic tradition on history and suffering." —Jonathan Ray。

Georgetown University "This is a truly innovative work， they suggested to readers that Jews are history's primary actors， enabled Jewish readers to make sense of the troubling misfortunes of their own time. Kabbalah and Catastrophe uncovers the remarkable variety of ways that kabbalists deployed esoteric tradition to argue that God had not abandoned the Jews to the inscrutable forces of history. Instead， and that despite their small numbers and lack of military power， Jews nonetheless secretly push history forward. For scholars of Jewish mysticism and medieval Jewish history， University of North Carolina at Greensboro ， mostly composed between the early 14th century and the generation affected by the Spanish expulsion in the early 16th century， Religious Studies / Jewish Texts and Traditions Jewish Studies While premodern kabbalistic texts were not chronicles of historical events，imToken，。